An Assesment of loss of biodiversity in the 21st century

Abstract

An Assesment of loss of biodiversity in the 21st century This earth is the abode of all living things, not just humans. But due to human domination of the ecosystem, billions of species have become extinct to these days. Some species have become extinct without a trace of life. Biodiversity loss, especially in the 21st century, is increasing at an unprecedented rate. Extinction occurs directly and indirectly in all countries, regardless of whether they are developed or underdeveloped. According to data released by the National Academy of Sciences of the United States in 2020, one-third of the animal and plant species will be extinct by 2070 ( Janagiraman 2010). Therefore the loss of biodiversity is seen as a major problem that needs to be addressed in the 21st century. Although the world has lost billions of species. The loss of biodiversity has multiplied since the beginning of this century. Biodiversity experts predict that 30 percent of the world's species will be extinct by 2050 (UN Report 2019). Based on this the study aims to assess the massive loss of biodiversity in the 21st century and in relation to the following: (1) Analysing the datas of biodiversity loss in the 21st century; (2) Identifying the causes of biodiversity loss; (3) Investigate the adverse effects of loss of biodiversity; (4) Proposing measures to prevent this biodiversity loss. The study was conducted entirely with a focus on secondary data. Secondary data were obtained through researches, research articles, e – magazines, international research journals, conference reports and Internet sources. Computer analysis methods were used for the analyzes. The Microsoft Excel and SPSS methods were used to analyze the collected secondary data. Based on that the bio diversity loss caused by the Amazon and Australian wildfires is a case in point. In 2019 alone, the Amazon wildfire killed 2.3 million animals and the wildfires in New South Wales, Australia killed about 50 million animals (Gwyn D'Mello 2019). Last year, 128,918 species were added to the list of endangered species in the world published by the UN, and more than 35,500 species are on the verge of extinction. Ecological human activities are the root cause of this century's loss of biodiversity. According to the 2019 census, 20 thousand 338 species have become extinct due to human activities. (Conservation international 2020). The major problem here is the lack of proper awareness of biodiversity and the commitment to conserve it. So if the loss of biodiversity continues like this, the human race, which directly and indirectly depends on biological processes, will be in a pit of extinction. Therefore, the chief duty of every human being who breathes in the twenty-first century to exercise the most biological rights, such as human rights, and to carefully protect the surviving species.