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Collection's Items (Sorted by Submit Date in Descending order): 721 to 740 of 743
Issue DateTitleAuthor(s)
1998Academic performance and drop-out in Sri Lankan universitiesKottachchi, B.D.
1996The role of the upper primary school teacher in designing and using instructional strategies in environmental studies: a critical review with special reference to Sri LankaPremaratne, R.M.
2001Industrial accumulation in Sri Lanka: impact of policy shiftsSamarawickreme, N.D.
2001Determinants of household savings in VietnamHoai, N.T.
2004Comparative analysis of corporate strategy in tea plantations following privatisation: regional plantation companies of Sri LankaFeranado, R.
2005The anopheles culicifacies species complex in relation to malaria transmission in Sri LankaAbstract Anopheles culicifacies Giles sensu lato (Diptera: Culicidae) is the predominant vector of malaria in Sri Lanka. Until recently, only sibling species B was reported to be present in Sri Lanka. The conundrum was that species B was reportedly a poor vector of malaria in India. The present study resolves this issue by demonstrating for the first time that what was described as species B in Sri Lanka is really a mixture of two species, viz. B and E, that are also apparently present in Ramesbwaram island, India. Species B and E share the same polytene chromosome configuration. However they differ in that the mitotic Y-chromosome is acrocentric in species B and submetacentric in species E. Differences between An. culicifacies species B and E can impact on malaria control measures undertaken in the country. Entomological parameters of species B and E, such as fecundity, longevity, susceptibility to infection by human malaria parasites, and insecticide resistance, that influence vector potential and the dynamics of malaria transmission are described here for the first time. Egg production determines vector numbers that is in turn directly related to the rate of spread of malaria. The fecundity of the two sibling species though slightly higher for species E, was not significantly different in laboratory studies. The capacity of the vector to survive long enough to support the complete development of the malaria parasites is exponentially related to the rate of malaria transmission. This was estimated through measuring the number of dilatations in the ovarioles in field-caught female An. culicifacies. The results showed that species E females have significantly greater longevity and therefore a greater potential to spread malaria. Susceptibility to insecticides used in malaria control influences the survival of infected and uninfected mosquitoes thereby affecting the malaria transmission rate. Both species B and E were completely susceptible to 0.05% lambdacyhalothrin and 0.05% deltamethrin, while being totally resistant to 4% DDT, in standard WHO tests. However Species B was however significantly more susceptible to malathion than species E. The cause of the different sensitivity to malathion was not established in the present studies, but it may reflect genetic factors and/or the greater exposure of species E to malathion and other organophosphates used for agricultural purposes. The study also showed that species E can support the extrinsic cycle of Plasmodium vivax and P. falciparum at least to the stage of oocyst formation in the midgut. However none of the limited number of female species B fed on blood from the same P. vivax or P. falciparum gametocyte carriers developed infections. Statistical analysis showed a significant association between sibling species and the formation of P. vivax oocysts in the midguts. The results confirm that species E can be infected with P. vivax and P. falciparum. The vectorial capacity of species B is low or nil in Sri Lanka, as it is also the case in India. ^-i . . - ' A DN A based technique is needed to circumvent the thne-consuming and labour-intensive cytogenetic technique which is the only one presently available to distinguish An. culicifacies species B and E. For this purpose a partial sequence of the relevant portion of the cytochrome oxidase II (COII) gene from karyotyped B and E Sri Lankan specimens was obtained. On aligning with the sequences of Indian species B and E that reportedly possess species-specific residues, no correlation between the sequences of species B and E from India and Sri Lanka was found. Both Sri Lankan species B and E shared the same sequence at 4 of the 5 reportedly variable sites hi the Indian COIL Thus the sequence of this fragment is not useful for distinguishing the two sibling species in Sri Lanka. Analysis of available sequence data of the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) mcluding partial sequences for the 5.8S and 28S ribosomal RNA genes also showed no sequence variation between species B and E of Sri Lanka. Both Sri Lankan ITS2 sequences matched that reported for Indian species E and not Indian species B. Hence other DNA-based approaches need to be developed to distinguish species B and E in Sri Lanka.; Surendran, S.N.
2001Determinants of performance of rural financial institutions in Vietnam with special reference to the Mekong DeltaHo, D.P.
1988A comparative study of the educational implications of the vinaya and the rule of St. BenedictPeter, W.L.A
1999Initial energy distributions of secondary ions in electronics sputteringAbeywarna, U.K.
2006An inquiry into early violence/agression and professional behaviours in preschool children in Sri Lanka to identify appropriate interventions by Preschool teachersPathirana, B.D.D.
1989Access-mobility as a factor in industrial location with special reference to the Colombo urburn area and the area of authority of the greater Colombo Economic commisionJayawardene, N.
2001Essays in public finance: theory and practice of decentralisationHerath, H.M.T.N.R.
1988Non-allighment: a case study of Sri Lanka's foreign policy with special reference to 1970-1982Karunadasa, W.M
1989Guidelines for the designing of early childhood programmes for urburn lopw income groups in the city of ColomboPalihakkara, D.W.
1989A mental health approach to counselling intervention in the school settingWickramaratne, V.
1992Changes in Land use in the suburban areas of Colombo : 1956-1988Vitarana, K.M.
2003Learning English in Urburn Sri LankaKarunaratne, I.M.
13-Oct-2011Economic Valuation of Wetlands -The Case of MadugangaSumanadasa, M.
2010Validation of Asset Pricing Models during Crisis and Non-Crisis Periods: A Comparative Analysis of Stock Markets in Sri Lanka and in the USDayaratne, D.A.I.
2005Productivity and Impact Assesement of Natural Product Chemistry research Carried out in Sri LankaYapa, C.G.
Collection's Items (Sorted by Submit Date in Descending order): 721 to 740 of 743